Synthesis and characterization of polyaniline/magnetite nanocomposites for fabrication of nanofiber textile

Polymers nanocomposites containing inorganic fillers like metal particles dispersed in the polymer matrix are of great interest for the optical and dielectric application. Polymer/inorganic composites such as polyaniline/magnetite nanocomposites (PAni/Fe3O4) can be manipulated through various treatments in fabricating desire material such as nanofibers textile for many applications. The modified magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles were successfully synthesized and incorporated into polyaniline at different weight ratio and blended with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to achieve a spinning solution, further PAni/Fe3O4 nanofiber composites solution were used for fabrication of nanofiber textile by an electrospinning method, and the composites nanofiber textile materials were investigated. The crystalline phase structure of PAni/PVA and PAni/Fe3O4 composites nanofibers textile was determined by XRD, shows the existence of peaks at 2θ = 24.13o and 35.63o for PAni and Fe3O4 nanoparticles respectively. The FTIR analysis indicated a slight decrease in the intensity and broadening of the absorption bands at 3462 cm-1and 3431 cm-1, are due to vibration stretching –NH group. The disappearance of the peak for PAni/Fe3O4 composites nanofibers textile sample containing 25 wt% of Fe3O4 nanoparticles clearly indicated the interaction of nanoparticles with nitrogen, hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen atoms in the PAni and PVA chain. FESEM analysis of the composites nanofibers textile shows clearly no accumulation of nanoparticles on the surface of polymeric composites nanofibers. This implies that the growth of nanoparticles on the surface of polymeric composites has successfully been prevented. The decrease of electrical conductivity was observed due to insulating behaviour of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The composites nanofiber textile exhibit hysteric loops under an applied magnetic field of -10000 HOe to 10000 Hoe, for PAni/Fe3O4 composites nanofibers textile. Finally, the nanofiber textile materials were successfully fabricated and found that electric and magnetic properties composite textile materials that could be used for many applications

Mechanical properties of the concrete containing porcelain waste as sand

The demand of concrete have been increases on a daily bases which consume a lot of natural resource such as sand and gravel, there is an immediate need for finding suitable alternative which can be used to replace sand partially with another materials with high propor-tion . Ceramic waste is one of the strongest research areas that include the activity of replacement in all the sides of construction materi-als. This research aims to improve the performance of concrete using ceramic waste, and demonstrate the performance of mechanical properties to the concrete with partial replacement of sand by using waste porcelain. For these, we analyzed the mechanical properties of the concrete such as compressive strength, split tensile and flexural strength, the specimen were measured based on 10% ,20% ,30% ,40%, and 50% weight ratio of replace sand with waste porcelain at different time under water for 7 days , 28 days , 60 days . The optimum consideration were given to mechanical properties of the concrete, at different amount of ceramic waste as sand

Preparation of high performance conductive Polyaniline Magnetite (PANI/Fe3O4) nanocomposites by sol-gel method

The conductivities of polyaniline magnetite (PANI/Fe3O4) nanocomposites prepared by sol-gel method were measured by standard van der Pauw DC 4-point probe method. PANI/Fe3O4 conductivity was measured as a function of wt % (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 wt %) of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. It was observed that the conductivity of polyaniline containing certain percentage of Fe3O4 nanoparticles is slightly lower than the bulk PANI nanotubes and drastically decreases with increase of wt % Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The high conductivities of PANI/ Fe3O4 nanocomposites was observed due to high concentration of dopant (oxidants) used in the polymerization process and the optimization of these composites allows this being use as a parameter for the production of nanofibers. Fourier transform infrared spectra, field emission scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction and ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra are used to characterize the phase structure, morphologies and functional group of the PANI/Fe3O4 composites samples. Fourier transform infrared analysis indicates the presence of PANI containing Fe3O4 nanoparticles and the field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) results has proven that the formation of nanofibers in the PANI/Fe3O4 nanocomposites. The crystalline phase of PANI/Fe3O4 nanocomposites studied by X-ray diffraction indicated that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles was present in the PANI matrices

Effect of Light Quality and Quantity on the Accumulation of Flavonoid in Plant Species

Light effects including its intensity, wavelength, and duration are important environmental factors that affects flavonoid accumulation. Ultraviolet (UV) light can induce flavonoid biosynthesis. Under normal condition, flavonoids are produced in response to stress, and they function as UV filters. In this paper, we review how light quality and quantity affect the accumulation of flavonoid in plant species. High light intensity can influence flavonoid accumulation, but in heliophytes, the opposite is true. Some medicinal plants require shady environment for flavonoid accumulation. In monocots, the flavonoid is situated in both epidermis and mesophyll while in dicot, it is found only in the epidermis. This review leads to a conclusion that high variation in flavonoids accumulation in response to light can occur within and between plant species